{ "document": { "aggregate_severity": { "text": "High" }, "category": "csaf_vex", "csaf_version": "2.0", "distribution": { "text": "TuxCare License Agreement", "tlp": { "label": "WHITE", "url": "https://www.first.org/tlp/" } }, "lang": "en", "notes": [ { "category": "legal_disclaimer", "text": "This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Cloud Linux Inc. and provide a link to the original.", "title": "Terms of Use" } ], "publisher": { "category": "vendor", "contact_details": "https://tuxcare.com/contact/", "name": "TuxCare", "namespace": "https://tuxcare.com/" }, "references": [ { "category": "self", "summary": "Canonical URL", "url": "https://security.tuxcare.com/csaf/v2/els_os/almalinux9.2esu/vex/2026/cve-2026-2391-els_os-almalinux9_2esu.json" } ], "tracking": { "current_release_date": "2026-04-03T16:46:59Z", "generator": { "date": "2026-04-03T16:46:59Z", "engine": { "name": "pyCSAF" } }, "id": "CVE-2026-2391-ELS_OS-ALMALINUX9.2ESU", "initial_release_date": "2026-02-12T05:17:00Z", "revision_history": [ { "date": "2026-02-12T05:17:00Z", "number": "1", "summary": "Initial version" }, { "date": "2026-04-02T08:59:04Z", "number": "2", "summary": "Official Publication" }, { "date": "2026-04-03T16:46:59Z", "number": "3", "summary": "Update document" } ], "status": "final", "version": "3" }, "title": "Security update on CVE-2026-2391" }, "product_tree": { "branches": [ { "branches": [ { "branches": [ { "category": "product_name", "name": "AlmaLinux 9.2", "product": { "name": "AlmaLinux 9.2", "product_id": "AlmaLinux-9.2", "product_identification_helper": { "cpe": "cpe:2.3:o:almalinux:almalinux:9.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*" } } } ], "category": "product_family", "name": "AlmaLinux" } ], "category": "vendor", "name": "AlmaLinux OS Foundation" }, { "branches": [ { "branches": [ { "category": "product_version", "name": "file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "product": { "name": "file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "product_id": "file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "product_identification_helper": { "purl": "pkg:rpm/tuxcare/file-devel@5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1?arch=x86_64" } } }, { "category": "product_version", "name": "file-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "product": { 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"product_version", "name": "file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686", "product": { "name": "file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686", "product_id": "file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686", "product_identification_helper": { "purl": "pkg:rpm/tuxcare/file-devel@5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1?arch=i686" } } }, { "category": "product_version", "name": "file-libs-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686", "product": { "name": "file-libs-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686", "product_id": "file-libs-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686", "product_identification_helper": { "purl": "pkg:rpm/tuxcare/file-libs@5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1?arch=i686" } } }, { "category": "product_version", "name": "libicu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.i686", "product": { "name": "libicu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.i686", "product_id": "libicu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.i686", "product_identification_helper": { "purl": "pkg:rpm/tuxcare/libicu@67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1?arch=i686" } } }, { "category": 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"product_identification_helper": { "purl": "pkg:rpm/tuxcare/libicu-doc@67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1?arch=noarch" } } } ], "category": "architecture", "name": "noarch" } ], "category": "vendor", "name": "TuxCare" } ], "relationships": [ { "category": "default_component_of", "full_product_name": { "name": "file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64 as a component of AlmaLinux 9.2", "product_id": "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64" }, "product_reference": "file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "relates_to_product_reference": "AlmaLinux-9.2" }, { "category": "default_component_of", "full_product_name": { "name": "file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686 as a component of AlmaLinux 9.2", "product_id": "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686" }, "product_reference": "file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686", "relates_to_product_reference": "AlmaLinux-9.2" }, { "category": "default_component_of", "full_product_name": { "name": "file-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64 as a component of AlmaLinux 9.2", "product_id": "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64" }, "product_reference": "file-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "relates_to_product_reference": "AlmaLinux-9.2" }, { "category": "default_component_of", "full_product_name": { "name": "python3-file-magic-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.noarch as a component of AlmaLinux 9.2", "product_id": "AlmaLinux-9.2:python3-file-magic-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.noarch" }, "product_reference": "python3-file-magic-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.noarch", "relates_to_product_reference": "AlmaLinux-9.2" }, { "category": "default_component_of", "full_product_name": { "name": "file-libs-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64 as a component of AlmaLinux 9.2", "product_id": "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-libs-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64" }, "product_reference": "file-libs-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "relates_to_product_reference": "AlmaLinux-9.2" }, { "category": "default_component_of", "full_product_name": { "name": "file-libs-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686 as a component of AlmaLinux 9.2", "product_id": "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-libs-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686" }, "product_reference": "file-libs-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686", "relates_to_product_reference": "AlmaLinux-9.2" }, { "category": "default_component_of", "full_product_name": { "name": "file-static-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64 as a component of AlmaLinux 9.2", "product_id": "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-static-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64" }, "product_reference": "file-static-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "relates_to_product_reference": "AlmaLinux-9.2" }, { "category": "default_component_of", "full_product_name": { "name": "libicu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.i686 as a component of AlmaLinux 9.2", "product_id": "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.i686" }, "product_reference": "libicu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.i686", "relates_to_product_reference": "AlmaLinux-9.2" }, { "category": "default_component_of", "full_product_name": { "name": "libicu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64 as a component of AlmaLinux 9.2", "product_id": "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64" }, "product_reference": "libicu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "relates_to_product_reference": "AlmaLinux-9.2" }, { "category": "default_component_of", "full_product_name": { "name": "libicu-doc-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.noarch as a component of AlmaLinux 9.2", "product_id": "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-doc-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.noarch" }, "product_reference": "libicu-doc-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.noarch", "relates_to_product_reference": "AlmaLinux-9.2" }, { "category": "default_component_of", "full_product_name": { "name": "libicu-devel-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.i686 as a component of AlmaLinux 9.2", "product_id": "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-devel-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.i686" }, "product_reference": "libicu-devel-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.i686", "relates_to_product_reference": "AlmaLinux-9.2" }, { "category": "default_component_of", "full_product_name": { "name": "libicu-devel-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64 as a component of AlmaLinux 9.2", "product_id": "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-devel-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64" }, "product_reference": "libicu-devel-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "relates_to_product_reference": "AlmaLinux-9.2" }, { "category": "default_component_of", "full_product_name": { "name": "icu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64 as a component of AlmaLinux 9.2", "product_id": "AlmaLinux-9.2:icu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64" }, "product_reference": "icu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "relates_to_product_reference": "AlmaLinux-9.2" } ] }, "vulnerabilities": [ { "cve": "CVE-2026-2391", "cwe": { "id": "CWE-20", "name": "Improper Input Validation" }, "notes": [ { "category": "description", "text": "### Summary\nThe `arrayLimit` option in qs does not enforce limits for comma-separated values when `comma: true` is enabled, allowing attackers to cause denial-of-service via memory exhaustion. This is a bypass of the array limit enforcement, similar to the bracket notation bypass addressed in GHSA-6rw7-vpxm-498p (CVE-2025-15284).\n\n### Details\nWhen the `comma` option is set to `true` (not the default, but configurable in applications), qs allows parsing comma-separated strings as arrays (e.g., `?param=a,b,c` becomes `['a', 'b', 'c']`). However, the limit check for `arrayLimit` (default: 20) and the optional throwOnLimitExceeded occur after the comma-handling logic in `parseArrayValue`, enabling a bypass. This permits creation of arbitrarily large arrays from a single parameter, leading to excessive memory allocation.\n\n**Vulnerable code** (lib/parse.js: lines ~40-50):\n```js\nif (val && typeof val === 'string' && options.comma && val.indexOf(',') > -1) {\n    return val.split(',');\n}\n\nif (options.throwOnLimitExceeded && currentArrayLength >= options.arrayLimit) {\n    throw new RangeError('Array limit exceeded. Only ' + options.arrayLimit + ' element' + (options.arrayLimit === 1 ? '' : 's') + ' allowed in an array.');\n}\n\nreturn val;\n```\nThe `split(',')` returns the array immediately, skipping the subsequent limit check. Downstream merging via `utils.combine` does not prevent allocation, even if it marks overflows for sparse arrays.This discrepancy allows attackers to send a single parameter with millions of commas (e.g., `?param=,,,,,,,,...`), allocating massive arrays in memory without triggering limits. It bypasses the intent of `arrayLimit`, which is enforced correctly for indexed (`a[0]=`) and bracket (`a[]=`) notations (the latter fixed in v6.14.1 per GHSA-6rw7-vpxm-498p).\n\n### PoC\n**Test 1 - Basic bypass:**\n```\nnpm install qs\n```\n\n```js\nconst qs = require('qs');\n\nconst payload = 'a=' + ','.repeat(25); // 26 elements after split (bypasses arrayLimit: 5)\nconst options = { comma: true, arrayLimit: 5, throwOnLimitExceeded: true };\n\ntry {\n  const result = qs.parse(payload, options);\n  console.log(result.a.length); // Outputs: 26 (bypass successful)\n} catch (e) {\n  console.log('Limit enforced:', e.message); // Not thrown\n}\n```\n**Configuration:**\n- `comma: true`\n- `arrayLimit: 5`\n- `throwOnLimitExceeded: true`\n\nExpected: Throws \"Array limit exceeded\" error.\nActual: Parses successfully, creating an array of length 26.\n\n\n### Impact\nDenial of Service (DoS) via memory exhaustion.", "title": "Vulnerability description" }, { "category": "general", "text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product's status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.", "title": "CVSS score applicability" }, { "category": "other", "text": "TuxCare has assessed that this vulnerability does not impact any currently supported TuxCare products. This evaluation may change as new information becomes available. For additional details regarding this vulnerability and affected products, refer to the provided references.", "title": "Statement" } ], "product_status": { "known_not_affected": [ "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686", "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-libs-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686", "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-libs-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-static-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:python3-file-magic-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.noarch" ], "under_investigation": [ "AlmaLinux-9.2:icu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.i686", "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-devel-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.i686", "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-devel-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-doc-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.noarch" ] }, "references": [ { "category": "self", "summary": "Canonical URL", "url": "https://cve.tuxcare.com/els/cve/CVE-2026-2391" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "https://github.com/ljharb/qs/commit/f6a7abff1f13d644db9b05fe4f2c98ada6bf8482", "url": "https://github.com/ljharb/qs/commit/f6a7abff1f13d644db9b05fe4f2c98ada6bf8482" }, { "category": "external", "summary": "https://github.com/ljharb/qs/security/advisories/GHSA-w7fw-mjwx-w883", "url": "https://github.com/ljharb/qs/security/advisories/GHSA-w7fw-mjwx-w883" } ], "release_date": "2026-02-12T05:17:00Z", "remediations": [ { "category": "none_available", "details": "Affected", "product_ids": [ "AlmaLinux-9.2:icu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.i686", "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-devel-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.i686", "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-devel-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-doc-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.noarch" ] } ], "scores": [ { "cvss_v3": { "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.5, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1" }, "products": [ "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686", "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-libs-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686", "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-libs-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-static-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:icu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.i686", "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-devel-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.i686", "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-devel-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:libicu-doc-0:67.1-9.el9.tuxcare.els1.noarch", "AlmaLinux-9.2:python3-file-magic-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.noarch" ] } ], "threats": [ { "category": "impact", "details": "Important" }, { "category": "impact", "details": "important", "product_ids": [ "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686", "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-devel-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-libs-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.i686", "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-libs-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:file-static-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.x86_64", "AlmaLinux-9.2:python3-file-magic-0:5.39-12.1.el9_2.tuxcare.els1.noarch" ] } ] } ] }